Pathway download the new version for apple

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This work was financially supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (105-2628-B-002-005-MY4 to I-Hsuan Liu and 105-2917-I-002-033 to Yen-Hua Lee), Council of Agriculture, Taiwan (107AS-22.1.6-AD-U1(13) and 108AS-21.1.7-AD-U1(14) to I-Hsuan Liu) and National Taiwan University (107L7719 and 108L7706 to I-Hsuan Liu). Received: AugAccepted: MaPublished: April 2, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Lee et al. PLoS ONE 15(4):Įditor: Michael Klymkowsky, University of Colorado Boulder, UNITED STATES Our results demonstrated that the quantitatively and spatially accurate distribution of Cspg4 is critical for body axis and midline development during gastrulation.Ĭitation: Lee Y-H, Kawakami K, HuangFu W-C, Liu I-H (2020) Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 regulates zebrafish body axis organization via Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway. The Cspg4 transmembrane domain mutant embryo phenocopied the global over-expression of cspg4 mRNA and led to cyclopia with a very low penetrance. In addition, overexpressing cspg4 caused cyclopia. Knocking-down cspg4 resulted in a shorter anterior-posterior axis than control embryo, which could be rescued by co-injecting wnt11 mRNA suggesting that Cspg4 regulates body axis organization through modulating the Wnt/planar cell polarity signaling pathway.

Our results demonstrated that cspg4 was maternally expressed from 0 to 3 hours post fertilization (hpf) and expressed in the anterior and posterior embryo end after 9 hpf. In this study, we characterized Cspg4 for its roles in zebrafish embryonic development. Cspg4 participates in cellular events such as proliferation, migration and signal transduction, and these events are generally important for embryo development.

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (Cspg4) is a membrane spanning proteoglycan expressed in immature progenitor cells and cancer cells. Pericellular and extracellular proteoglycans play an important role in modulating morphogen gradients and signal transductions.

Pathway download the new version for apple